Grammar Topic
Relative Clauses: Who, Which, That, Where, When
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Explanation
Relative clauses add information about a noun using relative pronouns.
Who: for people (The man who called is my uncle).
Which: for things/animals (The car, which was red, broke down).
That: for people or things in defining clauses (The book that I read was good).
Where: for places (The city where I live is Dhaka).
When: for time (I remember the day when we first met).
Whose: possession (The girl whose father is a doctor is my friend).
Defining relative clauses are essential to identify the noun: 'The man who called is my uncle.' Without 'who called' we don't know which man.
Non-defining relative clauses add extra info and are set off by commas: 'My brother, who lives in London, is visiting.' Remove the clause and the sentence still makes sense.
You can omit the relative pronoun when it is the object: 'The book (that) I read was good.'
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Examples
Defining: The man who called is my uncle. The book that I read was good.
Non-defining: My brother, who lives in London, is visiting. The Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris, is famous.
Where: The city where I live is Dhaka. The school where I studied is old.
When: I remember the day when we first met. Summer is the time when we travel.
Whose: The girl whose father is a doctor is my friend. The man whose car broke down is angry.
Omitted pronoun: The book (that) I read was good. The person (who) you met is my teacher.
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