Grammar Topic
Complex Sentences: Combining Multiple Clauses
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Explanation
A complex sentence combines two or more clauses using conjunctions or relative pronouns.
Simple + Dependent: Although she studied hard, she failed the exam. Because it rained, we stayed home.
Dependent + Independent: When the bell rang, the students left. If you practice every day, your English will improve.
Multiple dependent clauses: Although she studied hard, she failed because she didn't review. While I was working, she was cooking because we had guests.
Parallel structure: She likes reading, writing, and painting. He was tired, hungry, and unhappy.
Correlative pairs for balance: Both...and: Both Tom and Jerry came. Either...or: Either you come or I go. Neither...nor: Neither the cat nor the dog is mine. Not only...but also: Not only did she win, but she also set a record.
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Examples
Basic complex: Although she studied hard, she failed the exam. Because it rained, we stayed home. When the bell rang, the students left.
Multiple clauses: Although she studied hard, she failed because she didn't review, while her friend who studied less passed easily.
Parallel: She likes reading, writing, and painting. He was tired, hungry, and unhappy.
Correlative: Both Tom and Jerry came. Either you come or I go. Neither the cat nor the dog is mine. Not only did she win, but she also set a record.
Mixed: While I was cooking, which took an hour, she was studying because she had an exam the next day, although she was tired.
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